{"id":20551,"date":"2021-03-09T13:45:33","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T13:45:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prrscontrolidiomas.advertis.es\/3-patogenia-lesiones-y-signos-clinicos\/"},"modified":"2021-03-26T08:48:40","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T08:48:40","slug":"patogenia-lesiones-y-signos-clinicos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/prrs-la-enfermedad\/patogenia-lesiones-y-signos-clinicos\/","title":{"rendered":"<span>3<\/span> Patogenia, lesiones y signos cl\u00ednicos"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro\u00bb]El virus del PRRS tiene un tropismo extremadamente restringido para algunas subpoblaciones de macr\u00f3fagos que pueden encontrarse en pulm\u00f3n, placenta y \u00f3rganos\u00a0linfoides.<\/p>\n<p>Recientes estudios se\u00f1alan que el virus del PRRS tambi\u00e9n es capaz de infectar\u00a0y replicarse en otros subtipos celulares, tales como las c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas derivadas de\u00a0m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea o de monocitos. En cambio, monocitos, macr\u00f3fagos peritoneales, c\u00e9lulas\u00a0progenitoras de la m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea y c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas plasmocitoides o pulmonares son\u00a0resistentes a la infecci\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Se han descrito seis receptores potenciales para el virus del PRRS: hepar\u00e1n sulfato,\u00a0vimentina, CD151, CD163, sialoadhesina porcina (PoSn o CD169) y DC-SIGN (CD209). De\u00a0todos ellos, solo la PoSn y el CD163 se expresan de forma exclusiva en los macr\u00f3fagos.<\/p>\n<p>Hasta\u00a0la fecha, el CD163 se considera como el <strong>principal receptor<\/strong> que media en la internalizaci\u00f3n\u00a0del virus y el desenvolvimiento. De hecho, se ha demostrado que cerdos modificados\u00a0gen\u00e9ticamente que no expresan dicho receptor son resistentes a la infecci\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Inicialmente, la replicaci\u00f3n del virus ocurre en los macr\u00f3fagos permisivos locales,\u00a0predominantemente en el pulm\u00f3n. El virus puede detectarse en sangre (viremia) en horas\u00a0(6-12h.) y la carga viral alcanza su m\u00e1ximo alrededor de una semana posinfecci\u00f3n. La\u00a0duraci\u00f3n de la viremia est\u00e1 marcadamente influenciada por la cepa y la edad del animal.\u00a0As\u00ed, la viremia se puede extender durante varias semanas en los lechones, mientras que en\u00a0los cerdos adultos puede durar apenas unos d\u00edas.<\/p>\n<p>El virus <strong>se disemina a trav\u00e9s del sistema linf\u00e1tico<\/strong> o de la sangre a \u00f3rganos linfoides, tales\u00a0como las tonsilas o los linfonodos, y de forma menos consistente a otros tejidos. Tras\u00a0la fase de viremia, el virus se puede encontrar confinado durante largo tiempo en los\u00a0\u00f3rganos linfoides secundarios, manteniendo un nivel de replicaci\u00f3n bajo. En algunos\u00a0casos, el ant\u00edgeno ha podido ser detectado hasta 251 d\u00edas tras la infecci\u00f3n y el virus\u00a0infectivo hasta 157 tras la infecci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Por otro lado, se ha observado que puede transmitirse\u00a0desde lechones cong\u00e9nitamente infectados a animales centinela hasta 112 d\u00edas despu\u00e9s\u00a0del nacimiento. Los mecanismos de persistencia a\u00fan no han podido ser esclarecidos,\u00a0pero se ha sugerido que la selecci\u00f3n dentro de las subpoblaciones\/cuasiespecies v\u00edricas\u00a0y la respuesta inmunitaria podr\u00edan desempe\u00f1ar un papel importante.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left  animate image_box_rounded image_zoom \" data-animation=\"fade-in\" data-delay=\"300\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS.jpg\" class=\"prettyPhoto\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[image]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"700\" src=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-1000x500.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-360x180.jpg 360w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-750x375.jpg 750w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/evolucion-de-la-infeccion-y-deteccion-del-virus-del-PRRS-1140x570.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>[vc_column_text]En los pulmones, las c\u00e9lulas que mantienen principalmente la replicaci\u00f3n del virus son los\u00a0<strong>macr\u00f3fagos alveolares y los macr\u00f3fagos intravasculares<\/strong>. El virus compromete sus funciones\u00a0y provoca la infiltraci\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas inflamatorias y la consecuente neumon\u00eda intersticial,\u00a0la cual, junto con el engrosamiento de los linfonodos, son las lesiones m\u00e1s comunes en la\u00a0infecci\u00f3n por el virus del PRRS. En este sentido, es importante subrayar que ninguna de estas\u00a0lesiones es exclusiva de este virus.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Los signos cl\u00ednicos y las lesiones pueden ocurrir debido a diferentes mecanismos entre los\u00a0cuales, por lo menos, encontramos: apoptosis de los macr\u00f3fagos infectados y no infectados,\u00a0inducci\u00f3n de una activaci\u00f3n policlonal de linfocitos B y la inducci\u00f3n de citoquinas inflamatorias.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]El virus del PRRS puede participar como <strong>agente primario en el complejo respiratorio porcino<\/strong>\u00a0(CRP). En los casos cl\u00ednicos del CRP, es el virus que se a\u00edsla m\u00e1s frecuentemente. De hecho,\u00a0existen numerosas evidencias de su interacci\u00f3n con otros virus y bacterias.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Es importante se\u00f1alar que diferentes aislados pueden replicarse con mayor o menor\u00a0intensidad en diferentes tejidos. Este hecho podr\u00eda tener importantes implicaciones no\u00a0solo en la intensidad de la replicaci\u00f3n, sino tambi\u00e9n en la virulencia o la transmisi\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Respecto a los trastornos reproductivos, la gravedad de las manifestaciones cl\u00ednicas\u00a0debidas a la infecci\u00f3n por el virus del PRRS incrementa a medida que la gestaci\u00f3n progresa.\u00a0Por tanto, los retornos a estro o los abortos tempranos son muy raros.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]El n\u00famero de receptores en la placenta fetal y en los macr\u00f3fagos fetales permisivos\u00a0incrementa con el tiempo.<\/p>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s, el virus <strong>cruza la barrera placentaria<\/strong> de forma mucho m\u00e1s\u00a0eficiente en el \u00faltimo tercio de la gestaci\u00f3n (despu\u00e9s del d\u00eda 85, aproximadamente), a trav\u00e9s\u00a0de macr\u00f3fagos infectados. A partir de entonces, los fetos pueden infectarse directamente\u00a0desde la cerda o alternativamente desde otros fetos infectados.<\/p>\n<p>En el pasado se sugiri\u00f3 que la muerte fetal era el resultado de eventos ocurridos en la interfase\u00a0materno-fetal y que, por tanto, era independiente de la participaci\u00f3n directa del feto. Sin\u00a0embargo, estudios recientes han demostrado que la replicaci\u00f3n viral en los tejidos fetales y\u00a0la subsiguiente diseminaci\u00f3n a los fetos colindantes son eventos cruciales en la patog\u00e9nesis.<\/p>\n<p>Como consecuencia, el virus del PRRS puede causar abortos o partos prematuros afectando la viabilidad de un n\u00famero variable de fetos.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left  animate image_box_rounded image_zoom \" data-animation=\"fade-in\" data-delay=\"300\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas.jpg\" class=\"prettyPhoto\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[image]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas-768x329.jpg 768w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas-1024x439.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas-750x321.jpg 750w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/cuadro-clinico-reproductivo-en-cerdas-1140x489.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb]<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Entre otras causas, la gravedad del cuadro cl\u00ednico depende de la\u00a0<\/strong><strong>cepa, la presencia de complicaciones bacterianas, la edad y\u00a0<\/strong><strong>el estado inmunitario del hospedador.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]La presentaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica var\u00eda notablemente debido, entre otras causas, a la virulencia de las\u00a0cepas, el nivel de inmunidad y la edad de los cerdos, la etapa reproductora de las cerdas y la\u00a0coexistencia\/complicaci\u00f3n con otros pat\u00f3genos.<\/p>\n<p>Generalmente, un brote suele comenzar en\u00a0m\u00e1s de una fase de producci\u00f3n y durante unas semanas se caracteriza por anorexia, fiebre\u00a0y letargia en animales de diferentes edades. En un hato reproductor, la mayor\u00eda de cerdas\u00a0suelen abortar entre los 3 y los 21 d\u00edas posinfecci\u00f3n. Esta situaci\u00f3n puede durar meses.<\/p>\n<p>La siguiente lista muestra un <strong>resumen simplificado de los signos cl\u00ednicos<\/strong>. Obviamente, la lista completa de signos no aparece en todos los animales infectados.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong><u>CERDAS REPRODUCTORAS<\/u>:<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>General:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Inapetencia y letargia.<\/li>\n<li>Fiebre moderada.<\/li>\n<li>Normalmente, nula o baja mortalidad (1-4%), excepto en casos graves: i.e. highly-pathogenic strains (Asia).<\/li>\n<li>Otros: tos y otros signos respiratorios, cianosis de las orejas y de la vagina.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Cuadro cl\u00ednico reproductivo:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abortos a t\u00e9rmino.<\/li>\n<li>Partos prematuros (m\u00e1s de 2-3 d\u00edas antes).<\/li>\n<li>Partos retrasados.<\/li>\n<li>Incremento del n\u00famero de: fetos parcial o completamente momificados de gran tama\u00f1o (suelen morir en las \u00faltimas semanas de gestaci\u00f3n), nacidos muertos, muertos reci\u00e9n nacidos y nacidos d\u00e9biles.<\/li>\n<li>Disminuci\u00f3n del n\u00famero de lechones nacidos vivos.<\/li>\n<li>Otros: retorno irregular al estro, descargas vaginales, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong><u>LECHONES<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>General:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Baja viabilidad, debilidad.<\/li>\n<li>Incremento de la mortalidad predestete debido a: nacimiento prematuro, letargia, inanici\u00f3n, splay-leg, disnea, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Cuadro cl\u00ednico respiratorio:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Incremento de la susceptibilidad a complicaciones respiratorias y sist\u00e9micas, como por ejemplo Gl\u00e4sser.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong><u>CERDOS EN TRANSICI\u00d3N Y ENGORDE<\/u>:<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>General:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fiebre moderada-alta.<\/li>\n<li>Inapetencia y letargia.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9rdida de peso.<\/li>\n<li>Disminuci\u00f3n de los par\u00e1metros productivos: peor ganancia media diaria e \u00edndice de conversi\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<li>Incremento de la mortalidad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Cuadro respiratorio:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tos, estornudos y disnea.<\/li>\n<li>Incremento de las infecciones secundarias a nivel respiratorio y sist\u00e9mico: bronconeumon\u00eda (B. bronchiseptica, P. multocida), Gl\u00e4sser, septicemias (S. suis, S. cholerasuis), circovirosis, neumon\u00eda enzo\u00f3tica, etc. Como consecuencia, puede observarse una neumon\u00eda consolidada aguda y extensa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong><u>VERRACOS<\/u>:<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>General:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Inapetencia y letargia.<\/li>\n<li>Fiebre moderada.<\/li>\n<li>P\u00e9rdida de peso.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Signos cl\u00ednicos respiratorios:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nula o baja mortalidad excepto en casos graves.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<strong>Otras manifestaciones:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P\u00e9rdida de libido.<\/li>\n<li>Reducci\u00f3n en la calidad y cantidad del semen: motilidad reducida, incremento de las anomal\u00edas morfol\u00f3gicas y los defectos acrosomales<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Desde junio a septiembre de 2006, una forma at\u00edpica de PRRS emergi\u00f3 en China afectando\u00a0a m\u00e1s de 2.000.000 de cerdos, de los cuales 400.000 murieron. Desde entonces, las cepas\u00a0<strong>altamente virulentas del virus del PRRS (HP-PRRSV por su acr\u00f3nimo en ingl\u00e9s)<\/strong> se han\u00a0diseminado por Asia. A diferencia de lo que ocurr\u00eda en brotes previos, esta forma del virus del\u00a0PRRS fue mucho m\u00e1s virulenta, por lo que se consider\u00f3 como una entidad a parte.<\/p>\n<p>El rango\u00a0de signos cl\u00ednicos es mucho m\u00e1s amplio, de modo que las lesiones pueden observarse no\u00a0solo en pulm\u00f3n, sino tambi\u00e9n en ri\u00f1ones, h\u00edgado y bazo. En estos casos se describieron <strong>tasas\u00a0de aborto<\/strong> por encima del <strong>50%<\/strong> y <strong>mortalidades<\/strong> en cerdos adultos superiores al <strong>10%<\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left  animate image_box_rounded image_zoom \" data-animation=\"fade-in\" data-delay=\"300\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV.jpg\" class=\"prettyPhoto\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[image]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV-300x257.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV-768x658.jpg 768w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV-1024x878.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV-750x643.jpg 750w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/signos-clinicos-y-lesiones-en-los-cerdos-infectados-por-HP-PRRSV-1140x977.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbaviso\u00bb]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a9 Laboratorios Hipra, S.A. 2026. Reservados todos los derechos.<br \/>\nNinguna parte de este sitio web o cualquiera de sus contenidos puede ser reproducido, copiado, modificado o adaptado, sin el consentimiento previo por escrito de HIPRA.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row top_padding=\u00bb30&#8243; row_id=\u00bbreferencias\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;]<div class=\"toggle\"><div class=\"toggle-title \"><i class='fa fal fa-book'><\/i>Referencias<\/div><div class=\"toggle-inner\"><p>\n<ul>\n<li>Allan GM, McNeilly F, Ellis J, Krakowka S, Meehan B, McNair I, Walker I, Kennedy S. Experimental infection of colostrum deprived piglets with porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) potentiates PCV2 replication. Arch Virol. 2000, 145:2421-9.<\/li>\n<li>Baron T, Albina E, Leforban Y, Madec F, Guilmoto H, Plana Duran J, Vannier P. Report on the first outbreaks of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) in France. Diagnosis and viral isolation. Ann Rech Vet. 1992, 23:161-6.<\/li>\n<li>Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Harris L, Hennings JC, Shaw DP, Goyal SM, McCullough S, Morrison RB, Joo HS, Gorcyca D, Chladek D. Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diagn Invest. 1992. 4, 127-133.<\/li>\n<li>Benfield D, Nelson J, Rossow K, Nelson C, Steffen M, Rowland R. Diagnosis of persistent or prolonged porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections Vet Res. 2000, 31:71.<\/li>\n<li>Blaha T. The \u201dcolorful\u201d epidemiology of PRRS. Vet Res BioMed Central. 2000, 31:77-83.<\/li>\n<li>Brockmeier SL, Palmer MV, Bolin SR. Effects of intranasal inoculation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, or a combination of both organisms in pigs. Am J Vet Res. 2000, 61:892-9.<\/li>\n<li>Carman S, Sanford SE, Dea S. 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Recientes estudios se\u00f1alan que el virus del PRRS tambi\u00e9n es capaz de infectar\u00a0y replicarse en otros subtipos celulares, tales como las c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas derivadas de\u00a0m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea o de monocitos. En cambio, monocitos, macr\u00f3fagos peritoneales, c\u00e9lulas\u00a0progenitoras de la m\u00e9dula \u00f3sea y c\u00e9lulas dendr\u00edticas plasmocitoides o pulmonares son\u00a0resistentes a la infecci\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Se han descrito seis receptores potenciales para el virus del PRRS: hepar\u00e1n sulfato,\u00a0vimentina, CD151, CD163, sialoadhesina porcina (PoSn o CD169) y DC-SIGN (CD209). De\u00a0todos ellos, solo la PoSn y el CD163 se expresan de forma exclusiva en los macr\u00f3fagos. Hasta\u00a0la fecha, el CD163 se considera como el principal receptor que media en la internalizaci\u00f3n\u00a0del virus y el desenvolvimiento. De hecho, se ha demostrado que cerdos modificados\u00a0gen\u00e9ticamente que no expresan dicho receptor son resistentes a la infecci\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Inicialmente, la replicaci\u00f3n del virus ocurre en los macr\u00f3fagos permisivos locales,\u00a0predominantemente en el pulm\u00f3n. El virus puede detectarse en sangre (viremia) en horas\u00a0(6-12h.) y la carga viral alcanza su m\u00e1ximo alrededor de una semana posinfecci\u00f3n. La\u00a0duraci\u00f3n de la viremia est\u00e1 marcadamente influenciada por la cepa y la edad del animal.\u00a0As\u00ed, la viremia se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":17056,"parent":20561,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cbd_carousel_blocks":"[]","yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"Product","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20551","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0,"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20551","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20551"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20551\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20814,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20551\/revisions\/20814"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20561"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20551"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20551"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20551"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}