{"id":20609,"date":"2021-03-22T10:30:54","date_gmt":"2021-03-22T10:30:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prrscontrolidiomas.advertis.es\/el-virus-prrs\/"},"modified":"2022-09-09T12:08:28","modified_gmt":"2022-09-09T12:08:28","slug":"el-virus-prrs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/","title":{"rendered":"El virus del PRRS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row bg_image=\u00bb15411&#8243; top_padding=\u00bb50&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb50&#8243;][vc_column el_class=\u00bbhedaer-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text el_id=\u00bbwhat-is-title\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"p1\">El virus PRRS<\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243;]<div class=\"video-embed  wpb_content_element\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"PRRS Disease - What have we learned after 20 years?\" width=\"1161\" height=\"653\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YY3a6kjxwPU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row top_padding=\u00bb20&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb20&#8243;][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1523371244870{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}\u00bb]<div class=\"newdivider align-center\" style=\"border-bottom-style: transparent; border-bottom-color: transparent; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%; \"><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]1<\/p>\n<h2>Taxonom\u00eda<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]Recientemente, el International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ha reclasificado los dos\u00a0genotipos como dos especies diferentes.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/taxonomia\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]2<\/p>\n<h2>Organizaci\u00f3n del genoma y estructura del virus<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]El genoma del virus del PRRS consiste en una sola cadena no segmentada de ARN de sentido positivo. El ARN est\u00e1 compuesto por al menos diez fragmentos de lectura abierta (ORF por su acr\u00f3nimo en ingl\u00e9s) y su tama\u00f1o total es de unas 15 kb.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/organizacion-del-genoma-y-estructura-del-virus\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]3<\/p>\n<h2>Caracter\u00edsticas f\u00edsicas y qu\u00edmicas<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]Como otros virus ARN, se considera un virus bastante l\u00e1bil fuera del hospedador. Es importante remarcar que se inactiva r\u00e1pidamente por el calor y la desecaci\u00f3n.\u00a0Estos factores deben tenerse en cuenta en el control de la enfermedad y durante el almacenamiento y env\u00edo de las muestras al laboratorio.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/caracteristicas-fisicas-y-quimicas\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]4<\/p>\n<h2>Diversidad gen\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]Desde el principio, se estableci\u00f3 la existencia de dos genotipos del virus del PRRS: Europeo o Tipo 1 (prototipo virus de Lelystad) y Americano o Tipo 2 (prototipo VR-2332).\u00a0Curiosamente, la similitud entre ambos prototipos en t\u00e9rminos de secuencia nucleot\u00eddica es tan s\u00f3lo del 55%.\u00a0De hecho, recientemente se han reclasificado como dos especies virales distintas: PRRSV1 y PRRSV2 (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: ICTV).[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/diversidad-genetica\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]5<\/p>\n<h2>Causas de la diversidad gen\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]La diversidad gen\u00e9tica del virus del PRRS es el resultado de los fen\u00f3menos de mutaci\u00f3n y selecci\u00f3n, pero tambi\u00e9n de recombinaci\u00f3n:\u00a0Mutaciones aleatorias: Asumimos que la tasa de mutaci\u00f3n del virus del PRRS es una de las m\u00e1s altas, siendo hasta 40 veces superior a la tasa de mutaci\u00f3n de otros virus muy conocidos, como el virus de la Influenza Aviar o el virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/causas-de-la-diversidad-genetica\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]6<\/p>\n<h2>Consecuencias de la diversidad gen\u00e9tica<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]La elevada diversidad gen\u00e9tica tiene un importante impacto en el diagn\u00f3stico, la respuesta inmune (vacunas, protecci\u00f3n e inmunopatogenia), la aparici\u00f3n de nuevas cepas, la virulencia, el tropismo celular y la epidemiolog\u00eda.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/consecuencias-de-la-diversidad-genetica\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]7<\/p>\n<h2>Cepas virulentas<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"divider divider1\" style='margin:10px 20px 10px 45px  !important;'><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]Desde que apareci\u00f3 la enfermedad, el virus se ha diseminado por todo el mundo, ganando en diversidad gen\u00e9tica y, en algunos casos, increment\u00e1ndose su virulencia. Sin embargo, y a pesar de haberse investigado desde una amplia variedad de aproximaciones, las bases que determinan la virulencia a\u00fan se desconocen.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbread-more-custom\u00bb]<a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"\/es\/el-virus-prrs\/cepas-virulentas\/\">leer m\u00e1s \u2192<\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge image-box-knowledge \u00bb width=\u00bb2\/3&#8243; offset=\u00bbvc_hidden-sm vc_hidden-xs\u00bb]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left    image-box-knowledge-in\" data-animation=\"none\" data-delay=\"0\"><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row top_padding=\u00bb20&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb20&#8243;][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1523371244870{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}\u00bb]<div class=\"newdivider align-center\" style=\"border-bottom-style: transparent; border-bottom-color: transparent; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%; \"><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"yasr-auto-insert-visitor\"><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row bg_image=\u00bb15411&#8243; top_padding=\u00bb50&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb50&#8243;][vc_column el_class=\u00bbhedaer-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text el_id=\u00bbwhat-is-title\u00bb] El virus PRRS [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=\u00bb1\/2&#8243;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row top_padding=\u00bb20&#8243; bottom_padding=\u00bb20&#8243;][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner css=\u00bb.vc_custom_1523371244870{margin-bottom: 30px !important;}\u00bb][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner el_class=\u00bbbox-knowledge\u00bb width=\u00bb1\/3&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro-titulo-articulo\u00bb]1 Taxonom\u00eda [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbmax-text-knowledge\u00bb]Recientemente, el International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ha reclasificado los dos\u00a0genotipos como dos especies diferentes. &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":17056,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cbd_carousel_blocks":"[]","yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20609","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0,"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20609"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20959,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20609\/revisions\/20959"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}