{"id":20731,"date":"2021-03-23T14:40:25","date_gmt":"2021-03-23T14:40:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prrscontrolidiomas.advertis.es\/1-bases-del-diagnostico-de-prrs\/"},"modified":"2021-03-26T11:20:44","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T11:20:44","slug":"bases-del-diagnostico-de-prrs","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/diagnostico-y-monitorizacion\/bases-del-diagnostico-de-prrs\/","title":{"rendered":"<span>1<\/span> Bases del diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro\u00bb]Un diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS basado \u00fanicamente en la sospecha cl\u00ednica puede ser extremadamente\u00a0complicado o llevarnos a error, ya que la gravedad de la infecci\u00f3n var\u00eda ampliamente (desde la\u00a0casi inexistencia de signos cl\u00ednicos hasta brotes catastr\u00f3ficos).[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left  animate image_box_rounded image_zoom \" data-animation=\"fade-in\" data-delay=\"300\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica.jpg\" class=\"prettyPhoto\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[image]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"918\" src=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"Aproximacion-diagnostica\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica-1024x671.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica-750x492.jpg 750w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aproximacion-diagnostica-1140x748.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb][\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb]<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>El diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS debe tener en cuenta los signos\u00a0cl\u00ednicos, la historia cl\u00ednica y los registros de producci\u00f3n,\u00a0pero la confirmaci\u00f3n laboratorial es obligatoria.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Cambios en los registros de producci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<p>Cuando se analizan los datos productivos, cambios concretos en los par\u00e1metros reproductivos pueden indicarnos la presencia de una infecci\u00f3n por el virus del\u00a0PRRS.<\/p>\n<p>Estos cambios incluyen: aumento en el <strong>n\u00famero de abortos tard\u00edos<\/strong> (\u226580 d\u00edas\u00a0de gestaci\u00f3n), de <strong>partos<\/strong> tempranos o de fetos momificados, as\u00ed como aumento en el\u00a0n\u00famero de <strong>nacidos d\u00e9biles<\/strong> y disminuci\u00f3n en el n\u00famero de <strong>lechones<\/strong> nacidos vivos.<\/p>\n<p>Los\u00a0retornos c\u00edclicos al estro y los abortos tempranos son muy infrecuentes. Tambi\u00e9n debe\u00a0incluirse PRRS en el diagn\u00f3stico diferencial si aumenta la mortalidad predestete, los\u00a0problemas respiratorios debidos a complicaciones bacterianas o si el rendimiento del\u00a0hato es sub\u00f3ptimo.<\/p>\n<p>Es importante tener en cuenta que la presencia de complicaciones\u00a0bacterianas en la forma respiratoria de PRRS es muy com\u00fan. Este fen\u00f3meno puede\u00a0complicar el diagn\u00f3stico basado \u00fanicamente en los signos cl\u00ednicos.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2>Historia cl\u00ednica<\/h2>\n<p>La historia cl\u00ednica puede ser \u00fatil para predecir o anticipar las consecuencias de una infecci\u00f3n\u00a0por el virus del PRRS en una granja determinada.<\/p>\n<p>En este sentido, pueden existir tres\u00a0escenarios principales (consulte el cap\u00edtulo \u201cEpidemiolog\u00eda\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>En resumen, la infecci\u00f3n por\u00a0el virus del PRRS en una granja libre puede ser devastadora. En esta situaci\u00f3n cabe esperar\u00a0una cl\u00ednica muy evidente, ya que ning\u00fan animal tiene inmunidad frente al virus.<\/p>\n<p>Por otro\u00a0lado, si una nueva cepa afecta a una granja PRRS-positiva, el resultado final de la infecci\u00f3n es\u00a0impredecible, aunque generalmente se esperar\u00eda que el brote fuera menos grave.<\/p>\n<p>Por \u00faltimo,\u00a0durante la recirculaci\u00f3n de una cepa ya presente en la granja, podr\u00edamos esperar un brote\u00a0mucho menos grave. No obstante, una vez m\u00e1s, el resultado final es impredecible, ya que\u00a0depende de varios factores.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb]<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong>El diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS debe abordarse de manera\u00a0diferente seg\u00fan el estatus de la granja.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h2>Diagn\u00f3stico diferencial<\/h2>\n<p>Consiste en distinguir PRRS de otras enfermedades que presentan lesiones similares,\u00a0alteraciones reproductivas o signos respiratorios.<\/p>\n<p>La siguiente tabla muestra algunas de las enfermedades que podr\u00edan incluirse en un\u00a0diagn\u00f3stico diferencial de PRRS. Las enfermedades que debemos incluir en el diagn\u00f3stico\u00a0diferencial para un caso determinado depender\u00e1n en gran medida del cuadro cl\u00ednico, la edad\u00a0de los animales y la regi\u00f3n.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"single_image wpb_content_element align-left  animate image_box_rounded image_zoom \" data-animation=\"fade-in\" data-delay=\"300\"><a href=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial.jpg\" class=\"prettyPhoto\" rel=\"prettyPhoto[image]\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1182\" src=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full\" alt=\"\" title=\"Diagnostico-diferencial\" srcset=\"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial-300x253.jpg 300w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial-768x648.jpg 768w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial-1024x865.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial-750x633.jpg 750w, https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Diagnostico-diferencial-1140x962.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><\/div>[vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbaviso\u00bb]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a9 Laboratorios Hipra, S.A. 2026. Reservados todos los derechos.<br \/>\nNinguna parte de este sitio web o cualquiera de sus contenidos puede ser reproducida, copiada, modificada o adaptada, sin el consentimiento previo por escrito de HIPRA.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row top_padding=\u00bb30&#8243; row_id=\u00bbreferencias\u00bb][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;]<div class=\"toggle\"><div class=\"toggle-title \"><i class='fa fal fa-book'><\/i>Referencias<\/div><div class=\"toggle-inner\"><p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bautista EM, Meulenberg JJ, Choi CS, Molitor TW. Structural polypeptides of the American (VR-2332) strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Arch Virol. 1996:1357-65.<\/li>\n<li>Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Harris L, Hennings JC, Shaw DP, Goyal SM, McCullough S, Morrison RB, Joo HS, Gorcyca D, Chladek D. Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diagn Invest. 1992. 4, 127-133.<\/li>\n<li>Benfield D, Nelson J, Rossow K, Nelson C, Steffen M, Rowland R. Diagnosis of persistent or prolonged porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections Vet Res. 2000, 31:71.<\/li>\n<li>Brockmeier SL, Halbur PG, Thacker EL. Porcine respiratory disease complex. In KA Brogden, JM Guthmiller, eds, Polymicrobial Diseases. Washington, DC: ASM Press. 2002, 231-58.<\/li>\n<li>Calzada-Nova G, Schnitzlein W, Husmann R, Zuckermann FA. Characterization of the cytokine and maturation responses of pure populations of porcine plasmacytoid dendritic cells to porcine viruses and toll-like receptor agonists. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2010, 135:20-33.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/xpv.uab.cat\/pubmed\/,DanaInfo=.awxyCrhhpHwvxL0wwPx6C,SSL+?term=Chen%20WY%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=29070690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chen WY<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/xpv.uab.cat\/pubmed\/,DanaInfo=.awxyCrhhpHwvxL0wwPx6C,SSL+?term=Schniztlein%20WM%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=29070690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Schniztlein WM<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/xpv.uab.cat\/pubmed\/,DanaInfo=.awxyCrhhpHwvxL0wwPx6C,SSL+?term=Calzada-Nova%20G%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=29070690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Calzada-Nova G<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/xpv.uab.cat\/pubmed\/,DanaInfo=.awxyCrhhpHwvxL0wwPx6C,SSL+?term=Zuckermann%20FA%5BAuthor%5D&amp;cauthor=true&amp;cauthor_uid=29070690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zuckermann FA<\/a>. Genotype 2 strains of\u00a0porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome\u00a0virus\u00a0dysregulate alveolar macrophage cytokine production via the unfolded protein response. <a href=\"https:\/\/xpv.uab.cat\/pubmed\/,DanaInfo=.awxyCrhhpHwvxL0wwPx6C,SSL+29070690\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">J Virol.<\/a>2017, pii: JVI.01251-17.<\/li>\n<li>Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson EA, Hines RJ, Nelson JK, Swenson SL, Zimmerman JJ, Chase CL, Yaeger MJ, Benfield DA. Persistence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in serum and semen of adult boars. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1995, 7:456-64.<\/li>\n<li>Cortey M, D\u00edaz I, Mart\u00edn-Valls GE, Mateu E. Next-generation sequencing as a tool for the study of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) macro- and micro- molecular epidemiology. Vet Microbiol. 2017. doi: 10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.02.002.<\/li>\n<li>Darwich L, D\u00edaz I, Mateu E. Certainties, doubts and hypotheses in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus immunobiology. Virus Res. 2010, 154:123-32.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00edaz I, Darwich L, Pappaterra G, Pujols J, Mateu E. Different European-type vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus have different immunological properties and confer different protection to pigs. Virology. 2006, 351:249-59.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00edaz I, Gimeno M, Darwich L, Navarro N, Kuzemtseva L, L\u00f3pez S, Galindo I, Segal\u00e9s J, Mart\u00edn M, Pujols J, Mateu E. Characterization of homologous and heterologous adaptive immune responses in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Vet Res. 2012, 19:43:30.<\/li>\n<li>Garc\u00eda-Nicol\u00e1s O, Quereda JJ, G\u00f3mez-Laguna J, Salguero FJ, Carrasco L, Ramis G, Pallar\u00e9s FJ. Cytokines transcript levels in lung and lymphoid organs during genotype 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2014, 160:26-40.<\/li>\n<li>Gimeno M, Darwich L, Diaz I, de la Torre E, Pujols J, Mart\u00edn M, Inumaru S, Cano E, Domingo M, Montoya M, Mateu E. Cytokine profiles and phenotype regulation of antigen presenting cells by genotype-I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Vet Res. 2011, 42:9.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f3mez-Laguna J, Salguero FJ, Pallar\u00e9s FJ, Carrasco L. Immunopathogenesis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the respiratory tract of pigs. Vet J. 2013, 195:148-55.<\/li>\n<li>Haynes JS, Halbur PG, Sirinarumitr T, Paul PS, Meng XJ, Huffman EL. Temporal and morphologic characterization of the distribution of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by in situ hybridization in pigs infected with isolates of PRRSV that differ in virulence. Vet Pathol. 1997, 34:39-43.<\/li>\n<li>Hill H. Overview and history of Mystery Swine Disease (swine infertility\/respiratory syndrome). Proceedings of the Mystery Swine Disease Committee Meeting, Livestock Conversation Institute, Denver, CO. 1990, 29\u201331.<\/li>\n<li>Holtkamp DJ, Polson DD, Torremorrell M. Terminology for classifying swine herds by porcine reproductive and respiratory status.\u00a0J Swine Health and Prod<em>.<\/em> 2011, 19:44-56.<\/li>\n<li>Horter DC, Pogranichniy RM, Chang CC, Evans RB, Yoon KJ, Zimmerman JJ. Characterization of the carrier state in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Vet Microbiol. 2002, 86:213-28.<\/li>\n<li>Loula T. Mystery pig disease. Agri-practice. 1991, 12:23\u201334.<\/li>\n<li>Lunney JK, Benfield DA, Rowland RR. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: an update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine. Virus Res. 2010, 154:1-6.<\/li>\n<li>Mateu E, Tello M, Coll A, Casal J, Mart\u00edn M. Comparison of three ELISAs for the diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Vet Rec. 2006, 159:717-8.<\/li>\n<li>Mateu E, Diaz I. The challenge of PRRS immunology. Vet J. 2008, 177:345-51.<\/li>\n<li>Meier WA, Galeota J, Osorio FA, Husmann RJ, Schnitzlein WM, Zuckermann FA. Gradual development of the interferon-gamma response of swine to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection or vaccination. Virology. 2003, 309:18-31.<\/li>\n<li>Nelson EA, Christopher-Hennings J, Benfield DA. Serum immune responses to the proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1994, 6:410-5.<\/li>\n<li>Appendices IV and V of the REPORT OF THE OIE AD HOC GROUP ON PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME Paris, 9 &#8211; 11 June 2008 http:\/\/www.oie.int\/fileadmin\/Home\/eng\/Our_scientific_expertise\/docs\/pdf\/PRRS_guide_web_bulletin.pdf.<\/li>\n<li>Rodr\u00edguez-G\u00f3mez IM, G\u00f3mez-Laguna J, Carrasco L. Impact of PRRSV on activation and viability of antigen presenting cells. World J Virol. 2013, 2:146-51.<\/li>\n<li>Rovira A, Cano JP, Mu\u00f1oz-Zanzi C. Feasibility of pooled-sample testing for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antibodies on serum samples by ELISA. Vet Microbiol. 2008, 130:60-8.<\/li>\n<li>Rovira A, Clement T, Christopher-Hennings J, Thompson B, Engle M, Reicks D, Mu\u00f1oz-Zanzi C. Evaluation of the sensitivity of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to detect porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on individual and pooled samples from boars. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2007, 19:502-9.<\/li>\n<li>Rovira A, Reicks D, Mu\u00f1oz-Zanzi C. Evaluation of surveillance protocols for detecting porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in boar studs by simulation modeling. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2007, 19:492-501.<\/li>\n<li>Salguero FJ, Frossard JP, Rebel JM, Stadejek T, Morgan SB, Graham SP, Steinbach F. Host-pathogen interactions during porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 infection of piglets. Virus Res. 2015, 202:135-43.<\/li>\n<li>Segal\u00e9s J, Domingo M, Balasch M, Solano GI, Pijoan C. Ultrastructural study of porcine alveolar macrophages infected in vitro with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus, with and without Haemophilus parasuis. J Comp Pathol. 1998, 118:231-43.<\/li>\n<li>Sur JH, Cooper VL, Galeota JA, Hesse RA, Doster AR, Osorio FA. In vivo detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus RNA by in situ hybridization at different times postinfection. J Clin Microbiol. 1996, 34:2280-6.<\/li>\n<li>Terpstra C, Wensvoorst G, Pol JMA. Experimental reproduction of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: Koch&#8217;s postulates fulfilled. Vet Q. 1991, 13:131\u201336.<\/li>\n<li>Tian K, Yu X, Zhao T, Feng Y, Cao Z, Wang C, Hu Y, Chen X, Hu D, Tian X, Liu D, Zhang S, Deng X, Ding Y, Yang L, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Qiao M, Wang B, Hou L, Wang X, Yang X, Kang L, Sun M, Jin P, Wang S, Kitamura Y, Yan J, Gao GF. Emergence of fatal PRRSV variants: unparalleled outbreaks of atypical PRRS in China and molecular dissection of the unique hallmark. PLoS One. 200, 2:e526.<\/li>\n<li>Tong GZ, Zhou YJ, Hao XF, Tian ZJ, An TQ, Qiu HJ. Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007, 13:1434-6.<br \/>\nVan Alstine WG, Popielarczyk M, Albregts SR. Effect of formalin fixation on the immunohistochemical detection of PRRS virus antigen in experimentally and naturally infected pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2002, 14:504-7.<\/li>\n<li>V\u00e9zina SA, Loemba H, Fournier M, Dea S, Archambault D. Antibody production and blastogenic response in pigs experimentally infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Can J Vet Res. 1996, 60:94-9.<\/li>\n<li>Wensvoort G, Terpstra C, Pol JMA, Lask EA, Bloemraad M, de Kluyver EP, Kragten C, van Butten L, den Besten A, Wagenaar F, Broekhuijsen JM, Moonen PJM, Zetstra T, de Boer EA, Tibben AhJ, de Jong MF, van\u2019r Veld P, Groenland GJR, van Gennep JA, Voets MTh, Verheijden JHM, Braamkamp J. Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands: the isolation of Lelystad virus. Vet Q. 1991, 13:121\u201330.<\/li>\n<li>Wills RW, Doster AR, Galeota JA, Sur JH, Osorio FA. Duration of infection and proportion of pigs persistently infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41:58-62.<\/li>\n<li>Zimmerman JJ, Benfield DA, Dee SA, Murtaugh MP, Stadejek T, Stevenson GW, Torremorell M. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (porcine arterivirus). In: 10th ed. Diseases of swine, Ed. Wiley-Blackwell. 2012, 31:463-86.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center\" class=\"yasr-auto-insert-visitor\"><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column width=\u00bb1\/1&#8243;][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbintro\u00bb]Un diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS basado \u00fanicamente en la sospecha cl\u00ednica puede ser extremadamente\u00a0complicado o llevarnos a error, ya que la gravedad de la infecci\u00f3n var\u00eda ampliamente (desde la\u00a0casi inexistencia de signos cl\u00ednicos hasta brotes catastr\u00f3ficos).[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb][\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=\u00bbdestacado\u00bb] El diagn\u00f3stico de PRRS debe tener en cuenta los signos\u00a0cl\u00ednicos, la historia cl\u00ednica y los registros de producci\u00f3n,\u00a0pero la confirmaci\u00f3n laboratorial es obligatoria. [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text] Cambios en los registros de producci\u00f3n Cuando se analizan los datos productivos, cambios concretos en los par\u00e1metros reproductivos pueden indicarnos la presencia de una infecci\u00f3n por el virus del\u00a0PRRS. Estos cambios incluyen: aumento en el n\u00famero de abortos tard\u00edos (\u226580 d\u00edas\u00a0de gestaci\u00f3n), de partos tempranos o de fetos momificados, as\u00ed como aumento en el\u00a0n\u00famero de nacidos d\u00e9biles y disminuci\u00f3n en el n\u00famero de lechones nacidos vivos. Los\u00a0retornos c\u00edclicos al estro y los abortos tempranos son muy infrecuentes. Tambi\u00e9n debe\u00a0incluirse PRRS en el diagn\u00f3stico diferencial si aumenta la mortalidad predestete, los\u00a0problemas respiratorios debidos a complicaciones bacterianas o si el rendimiento del\u00a0hato es sub\u00f3ptimo. Es importante tener en cuenta que la presencia de complicaciones\u00a0bacterianas en la forma respiratoria de PRRS es muy com\u00fan. Este fen\u00f3meno puede\u00a0complicar el diagn\u00f3stico basado \u00fanicamente en los signos cl\u00ednicos.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text] Historia cl\u00ednica La historia cl\u00ednica [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":17056,"parent":20772,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cbd_carousel_blocks":"[]","yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"Product","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20731","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0,"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20731"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20731\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20908,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20731\/revisions\/20908"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20772"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prrscontrol.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}